This post is for those of you that are new to distance learning. Distance learning is a form of learning where the instructor and the students are in physically separate locations. Can be either synchronous or asynchronous in nature. Can include correspondence, video or satellite broadcasts, or e-Learning. Usually implies the higher education level.
Asynchronous learning is based on constructivist theory where it places an emphasis on peer-to-peer interaction. Learners log into the learning platform at different times from different places all with the same goal in mind. Courses such as those a Liberty University use asynchronous form of learning. My group presentations last semester were an example of asynchronous learning. All members of the group logged into the discussion board of Blackboard to post their comments and their part of the project. This type of learning has been most prevelent at the graduate level, but now can be found at the undergraduate level and even in high schools with the emergence of homeschooling.
Synchronous learning is where there learners log in and are interacting with one another at the same time, although from different locations. Typical applications for synchronous learning includes problem-based learning, or learning through case studies. I could take that group presentation and make it synchronous in nature by asking my group members to login to a chat program that I ask them to download. We are now using the chat room as an online place to meet. You can liken this to meeting at Starbucks with your group members in the residential program. This type of learning has been prevelent at the undergraduate level, but the undergraduate level is becoming increasingly asynchronous.